(Printed in The Big Sister Issue I…mostly from gurl.com with a few additions, exclusions, and changes)
Let’s start with the basics. Gender and sex are two different things. They are related, but they DO NOT mean the same thing. This confuses some people, but we promise, it’s not that confusing.Sex is how organisms (i.e. PEOPLE) are classified based on their reproductive organs and functions. Simply put, sex is based on BIOLOGY–whether someone has ovaries or a penis. Sex is what makes an individual MALE or FEMALE.
Gender classifies people by behavioral, cultural or psychological traits. Simply put, Gender is based on CULTURE (culture being made up of your practices, beliefs and objects or possessions). Gender is what makes an individual MASCULINE or FEMININE.
Need something more concrete? Here’s an example: Let’s say you’re female. You have ovaries, a vagina and all other girl parts. This is your sex.
gender is more complex. Let’s say you like to cheerlead and the color pink. You wear your hair long and have been known to cry in public. From this, we would assume your gender is feminine.
However, sometimes it’s not that clear cut. Your gender may not always be the same as your assigned sex. And that’s okay…
By now, you’re probably pretty familiar with the term STEREOTYPES. We have stereotypes for everything: different races, religions, skin colors. We also have stereotypes when it comes to gender.We are constantly bombarded with information about gender, whether it’s from the media or our own parents. Some of it is so subconscious that we don’t even question where these stereotypes came from; we just assume it’s uncontrollable.
Let’s start with GUYS or MEN. What are some typical stereotypes for being a man?
-Tough/muscular
-Unemotional
-Reasonable
-More sexual
What are some stereotypes for being a WOMAN or GIRL?
-Moody/emotional
-Catty
-Delicate
-Concerned with looks
Now, we know you’re probably saying, “But I’m not domestic (or any other word listed). I can barely cook a hotdog.” Hey, we know what you mean, but when it comes to stereotypes, it’s assumed that women are more domestic. And the numbers seem to support it. According to the U.S. Census Bureau from a report taken in May 2006, only 143,000 men are stay-at-home dads (compare that to 5.6 million stay-at-home moms).So why do women do more domestic work? Is it because domestic work is inherent to being a woman or is it something deeper? Maybe more women stay at home to raise their children because it’s assumed that women are better at that type of work. Maybe women put pressure on other women to be BETTER at domestic things. Maybe women feel like they SHOULD be better at raising children.
For example, check out the cover of any popular women’s magazine. Not only will it tell you how to deal with your child’s cold or get him or her into the best preschool, but it might also say something about learning how to please your man and get dinner on the table in less than 30 minutes. That’s a lot to do.
But, let’s get back to gender stereotyping. What happens when a man or a woman does not fulfill his or her gender stereotype? Well, if you’re a guy, you might be called names like pussy, girly, wimp, fag, homo, or told you play/act/look like a girl. And, if you’re a girl, you might be called dyke, lesbo, butch, or tomboy.
When we place people into very strict categories–when we choose to label certain people–it makes it hard for people to truly be themselves.
And by placing people into categories of “this” vs. “that,” it doesn’t leave much wiggle room. And when a lot of people do not fit into either or more than one…that can be lonely. It can be isolating. It can be emotionally and physically harmful.
It’s important to question gender roles and stereotypes because there are so many things we do just because it’s expected. And who wants to do that? Though we know, it can be intimidating to challenge stereotypes that have been around for centuries.
So, now that you’ve gotten the gender rundown, think about the ways gender affects your life. Is there anything holding you back? Do you notice people being pressured into certain gender roles or being made fun of for expressing non-traditional gender roles? There’s a lot to think about…once you start to look around.
Interested in Learning More? Check out:
My Gender Workbook by Kate Bornstein
Gender and the Politics of History by Joan Wallach Scott
Sex and Gender: An Introduction by Hilary M. Lips
Thinking About Women: Sociological Perspectives on Sex and Gender by Margaret Andersen